A section of Agricultural Chemistry was established in the year 1945 in erstwhile Institute of Agricultural Research (I.A.R.) and was located in a single laboratory. The section of Agriculture Chemistry got its due recognition as Department of Soil Science and Agriculture Chemistry in 1968. Human resource development by quality teaching continues to remain the basic threat besides the department envisages revising and strengthening its focus on basic and strategic research. Sustaining soil health for food security and nutritional safety without impairing environmental quality and creating mass awareness about soil and society relationship is the main focus areas we wish to concentrate. The pioneering research achievements of the department are formation of clay humus-complex theory responsible for coloration of black soils that was invited by Swedish Royal Academy for the consideration of Nobel prize of Chemistry, 1970.